Results from the planting experiment in Gullmars Fjord. Seeds were planted in the fall (Sep 2012) and spring (Apr 2013) at 4 depths using 3 plant- ing methods (control, rock, sand). (a) Seeds remaining per plot, (b) number of seedlings per plot in Jun 2013, and (c,d) number of shoots per plot in Sep 2013 and Sep 2014 from fall and spring plantings. Data are mean + SE. Different letters above bars in panel b denote significantly different means (SNK-test at p < 0.05).